This paper show how a layered Cloud service model of software (SaaS), platform (PaaS), and infrastructure (IaaS) leverages multiple independent Clouds by creating a federation among the providers. The layered architecture leads naturally to a design in which inter-Cloud federation takes place at each service layer, mediated by a broker specific to the concerns of the parties at that layer. Federation increases consumer value for and facilitates providing IT services as a commodity. This business model for the Cloud is consistent with broker mediated supply and service delivery chains in other commodity sectors such as finance and manufacturing. Concreteness is added to the federated Cloud model by considering how it works in delivering the Weather Research and Forecasting service (WRF) as SaaS using PaaS and IaaS support. WRF is used to illustrate the concepts of delegation and federation, the translation of service requirements between service layers, and inter-Cloud broker functions needed to achieve federation.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction
2. Federation of Clouds
2.1. Brokering at the SaaS layer
2.2. Brokering at the PaaS layer
2.3. Brokering at the IaaS layer
3. Service Layer
3.1. Software as a Service layer
3.2. Platform as a Service layer
3.3. Infrastructure as a Service layer
4. Related work
7. Conclusion and future work
Objectives and Topics
This paper aims to define a layered cloud service model that facilitates inter-cloud federation by decoupling service layers (SaaS, PaaS, IaaS) and utilizing specialized brokers at each level to handle service requirements, resource delegation, and interoperability.
- Layered cloud architecture and service decoupling
- Broker-mediated federation between independent cloud providers
- Translation of service requirements across SaaS, PaaS, and IaaS layers
- Use case analysis using Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF)
- Optimization of resource utilization, cost-effectiveness, and fault tolerance
Excerpt from the Book
1. Introduction
With the aid of Cloud computing technology, businesses and institutions make compute resources available to customers and partners to create more capable, scalable, flexible, and cost effective environments for application development and hosting. Cloud computing continues the trend started with on-demand, strategic outsourcing, and grid computing, to provide IT resources as a standardized commodity, targeting real-time delivery of infrastructure and platform services. A next step in this evolution is to have cooperating providers of Cloud services in which a customer request submitted to one Cloud provider is fulfilled by another, under mediation of a brokering structure (e.g., [1]). This latter idea invokes a federation of Cloud domains providing a service analogous to that of interoperating grid resources created for a similar goal by research institutions using grid brokers in the grid computing framework. Fig. 1 is an example of what is meant by a federated Cloud structure mediated by brokers. The figure shows two independent Clouds, each supporting a vertical stack of service layer offerings from the software or application layer (SaaS or AaaS) at the top, through the middleware or platform layer (PaaS), to the operating system and infrastructure layer (IaaS). At each layer a choice is made to fulfill a service request through local resources using delegation, or by a partner Cloud through federation. A key feature of our model, is that federation occurs between Cloud providers at matching layers of the service stack.
Summary of Chapters
1. Introduction: This chapter introduces the concept of cloud federation, explaining how independent cloud providers can cooperate via brokering structures to offer standardized IT services across a layered stack.
2. Federation of Clouds: This section explores the challenges of cloud brokering and defines specific policies and strategies for handling requirements and performance goals at the SaaS, PaaS, and IaaS layers.
3. Service Layer: This chapter details the proposed architecture by examining the responsibilities of each layer (SaaS, PaaS, IaaS) in a federated environment, using the WRF application as a practical example.
4. Related work: This section provides definitions for cloud service models (SaaS, PaaS, IaaS) and categorizes cloud types (Public, Private, Hybrid) to contextualize the proposed federation approach.
7. Conclusion and future work: This concluding chapter summarizes the layered model's benefits in decoupling services and suggests future research directions regarding brokering policies and federation protocols.
Keywords
Cloud computing, Service layers, SaaS, AaaS, PaaS, IaaS, Interoperability, Service delegation, Federation of Clouds, Brokering, WRF, Resource sharing, Cloud architecture, Scalability, Virtualization.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the primary focus of this research?
The work focuses on designing a layered cloud architecture that enables federation between independent cloud providers through broker-mediated service delegation.
What are the core components of the service model?
The model is based on the traditional three-tier cloud stack: Software as a Service (SaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS).
What is the central research goal?
The goal is to demonstrate how decoupling these service layers allows for more efficient, elastic, and interoperable cloud resource sharing among different providers.
How does the system handle resource requests?
Requests are processed by layer-specific brokers that decide whether to fulfill them locally via delegation or through a federated partner cloud based on service agreements.
What does the main body of the paper cover?
The main body covers the architectural design of the layered federation, the specific brokering responsibilities at each service level, and a practical use case involving WRF simulations.
Which key terms describe this work?
Key terms include Cloud federation, interoperability, service delegation, SaaS, PaaS, IaaS, and broker-mediated infrastructure.
How is the WRF use case applied in this architecture?
WRF serves as a complex scientific application to demonstrate how high-level user requirements are translated into technical specifications across SaaS, PaaS, and IaaS layers.
What role does the PaaS layer play in this federation?
The PaaS layer acts as middleware that manages MPI executions, library availability, and task decomposition to ensure the application runs correctly on the infrastructure provided.
Why is a layered approach important for cloud federation?
It enables the isolation of brokering policies, allowing different parts of the execution workflow to be assigned to the most suitable providers without requiring global knowledge of the entire stack.
- Citar trabajo
- Ajit Singh (Autor), 2019, Architecture of Cloud Federation, Múnich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/488801
