The present work attempts to study the impact of Hindustani Classical Music on Bollywood in a legitimate manner using a statistical approach emphasizing on statistical modeling of musical structure and performance and other statistical features such as note duration and inter onset interval with a case study in raga Yaman.
Any music originates in the society and develops with the changing realities of it. It accepts new and modifies the existing cultural norms in different periods of time. This process of acceptance and rejection makes any form of art exist for long. Inspite of all this, in various phases, Hindustani classical music, being the base of many popular Bollywood songs has helped in their popularity and lifelong existence because of the strong focus on melody.
A raga, which is the nucleus of Indian classical music, be it Hindustani or Carnatic, is a melodic structure with fixed notes and a set of rules which characterize a certain mood conveyed by erformance. Hindustani ragas have embraced the elements of several Bollywood songs, which has given these songs a strong impact despite the strong influence of western art music in Bollywood music industry. The present work attempts to study this impact in a legitimate manner using a statistical approach emphasizing on statistical modeling of musical structure and performance and other statistical features such as note duration and inter onset interval with a case study in raga Yaman. It turns out that the same statistical model for both the raga bandishand a song based on the same raga, i.e., Yaman, an evening raga of the Kalyan thaat.
Table of Contents
1. INTRODUCTION TO HINDUSTANI CLASSICAL MUSIC
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Principles of Hindustani music
1.2.1 Terminologies Used In Hindustani Classical Music
1.2.2 Notation Used in Describing Ragas
1.3 Raga Yaman (Evening Raga)
1.4 A Statistical Outlook
Notation
1.5 Objectives
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
3. METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Methodology
3.1.1 Bandish
3.1.2 Mann Re
4. RESULTS & DISCUSSION
4.1 Results
4.1.1 Statistical Analysis of a Bandish
4.1.2 Statistical Analysis of the Song Mann Re
4.2 Interpretation from the figures
4.3 Comparison:
4.4 Note Duration and IOI
4.4.1 Graphs (note duration and IOI)
4.4.2 Discussion
5. SOME FAMOUS BOLLYWOOD COMPOSERS AND SINGERS AND AN ILLUSTRATIVE LIST OF RAGA BASED SONGS COMPOSED OR SUNG BY THEM
6. CONCLUSION
Research Objectives and Themes
This work aims to analyze the influence of Hindustani classical music on Bollywood song structures using statistical modeling. By employing double exponential smoothing, the study explores why traditional compositions retain their popularity and longevity compared to modern musical creations, focusing on melodic structure and performance features.
- Statistical modeling of musical structures using double exponential smoothing.
- Comparative analysis between a classical Raga Yaman bandish and a Bollywood song based on the same raga.
- Evaluation of note duration and inter-onset intervals (IOI) as metrics for rhythm and restfulness.
- Identification of the persistent role of Hindustani classical music as a foundational element in popular Indian music.
- Case study of Raga Yaman and its rendition in both classical and cinematic contexts.
Excerpt from the Book
1.4 A Statistical Outlook
One of the strengths of statistics lies in modeling. Modeling a musical structure or a musical performance has been a coveted research area in computational musicology. There are three fundamental steps in statistical modeling: deciding which model to fit, estimating the parameters of the chosen model, and verifying the goodness of fit of this model. We all know that statistics can be broadly divided into two categories: descriptive and inferential. In statistical modeling, both are involved—as we first describe a pattern (through modeling) and then infer about its validity. Two types of models are used in statistics: probability models and stochastic models. Through a probability model, we can tell the probability of a note or a note combination but cannot predict the next note. Through a stochastic model, we can predict (make an intelligent guess of) the next note, given the previous.
The above mentioned bandish and song based on raga Yaman are both compared on the basis of plottings obtained by applying double exponential smoothing in Minitab Statistical package.
Summary of Chapters
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO HINDUSTANI CLASSICAL MUSIC: This chapter introduces the origins and fundamental principles of Hindustani classical music, defining key terminology and the significance of Ragas.
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW: An overview of existing research regarding statistical modeling in musicology and the use of exponential smoothing in time series analysis.
CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY: Details the research process, including the specific pitch values for the Bandish and the methodology for analyzing the Bollywood song "Mann Re" using Praat software.
CHAPTER 4: RESULTS & DISCUSSION: Presents the statistical findings obtained via double exponential smoothing, including graphical interpretations and comparisons of accuracy measures.
CHAPTER 5: SOME FAMOUS BOLLYWOOD COMPOSERS AND SINGERS AND AN ILLUSTRATIVE LIST OF RAGA BASED SONGS COMPOSED OR SUNG BY THEM: Provides a curated list of influential Bollywood musicians and their raga-based film compositions.
CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSION: Summarizes the study's findings, affirming the strong commonality between classical ragas and popular music through statistical verification.
Keywords
Hindustani Classical Music, Bollywood Songs, Statistical Modeling, Double Exponential Smoothing, Raga Yaman, Computational Musicology, Note Duration, Inter-Onset Interval, Pitch Stability, Time Series Analysis, Minitab, Praat, Musical Structure, Rhythm, Performance Analysis
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the core focus of this research?
The research explores the structural influence of Hindustani classical music on Bollywood songs by using statistical methods to compare classical compositions with popular film music.
What are the primary themes discussed?
The central themes include the application of statistical modeling in music, the definition and characteristics of Indian Ragas, and the comparative analysis of musical performance data.
What is the objective of this project?
The primary goal is to demonstrate that despite the creation of new musical genres, Hindustani classical music remains the essential foundation for many Bollywood songs and explains their longevity.
Which scientific methodology is employed?
The authors use double exponential smoothing as a statistical technique to model and analyze the note sequences and pitch values of both classical bandish and Bollywood recordings.
What topics are covered in the main body?
The main body covers the theoretical background of Raga Yaman, the methodology for audio data extraction, statistical results, comparisons, and an extensive list of raga-based songs by famous composers.
What specific keywords characterize this work?
Key terms include Hindustani Classical Music, Statistical Modeling, Raga Yaman, Double Exponential Smoothing, Computational Musicology, and Bollywood Music.
Why is "Mann Re" used in the study?
The song "Mann Re" is used as a case study because it is based on Raga Yaman, allowing for a direct statistical comparison between a formal classical bandish and a popular cinematic composition.
How does the book define the relationship between rhythm and IOI?
The work explains that notes are in rhythm if the inter-onset interval (IOI) between successive notes is equal, with smaller standard deviations indicating higher rhythmic consistency.
- Citar trabajo
- Amrita Singh (Autor), Soubhik Chakraborty (Autor), 2019, The Influence of Hindustani Classical Music on Bollywood Songs. A Statistical Outlook, Múnich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/491797
