In this paper a theory is proposed that our matter is excited Dark Matter (DM) with the addition of an Electromagnetic (EM) field. The method of excitation is the subject of this paper.
Excitation is predicted when a DM quanta group captures into closed wave orbit a photon. The orbiting photon creates EM outgoing and incoming EM waves as well as a standing spherical wave region inside the closed wave orbit. This theory integrates concepts from other theorists, prominently Doctor Milo Wolff’s theories that: (1) An outgoing or incoming EM wave creates a positive or negative charge. (2) An EM standing wave is the basis for particle self-assembly creating more complex composite particles including the atom. Standing Wave self-assembly replaces strong and weak nuclear force theories. Composite particles, atoms, crystals, and most of our observable matter are formed in Childiani regions described by spherical harmonic standing waves.
The photon’s polarizations determine different particle characteristics. A Clockwise (CW) or counter-clockwise (CCW) closed wave orbit creates the particle’s ‘up” and “down” as well as spin. Circular polarized photons determine if the outward spherical wave is outgoing or incoming based on the EM field vector direction when entering closed wave orbit.
A radially polarized photon’s EM waves exterior to the photon’s closed wave orbit may also be destructive, forming chargeless particles (neutrino).
This theory: (a) requires the scalar gravitational field, f, to be the photon’s travel medium with f having an index-of-refraction. (b) Mass becomes a function of f values at each point in space, as predicted by Gunnar Nordström. (c) Albert Einstein’s definition for a particle is used which is quanta having dimension. (d) Space is defined as flat, not curved as described in relativity. This theory predicts the trace stress–energy tensor or a flat space-time.
Inhaltsverzeichnis (Table of Contents)
- Introduction
- Key Elements to this Theory
- Current Model for Dark Matter
- A Synopsis of Current Pertinent Theories
- Dr. Wolff's Standing Wave Theory
- DM Identified as Quanta
- Nordström's Scalar Gravitational Measurement
- Einstein's Scalar Gravity
- Wolff's Einstein Critique
- Wolff's Mathematical Model Creating Charge
- The Significance of a Spherical Standing Wave
- Ø Field & EM Fields are Different
- Entanglement
- Self-Assembly Creates Particles
- Standing Wave Self Assembly
- Does Have an Index-of-Refraction
- Current Theory
- Requirement for the Theory Advanced
- Lavenda's Optical Properties of Gravity
- Refraction in a Vacuum in a Magnetic Field
- Galaxy Cluster IRC 0218 Refraction
- A Synopsis of Current Pertinent Theories
- How DM is Transformed into Detectable Matter
- DMs Merging and Forming Larger Quanta
- DM Properties Allow Photon Closed wave Capture
- How a DM Captures a Photon
- DM Group Distribution IAW Newton's Shell Theorem
- Fundamental Constituents of a Positron & Electron
- Creating Outgoing/Incoming EM Spherical Harmonic Oscillations
- Determining the Fundamental Particles
- Quanta Creation Degrees-of-Freedom
- Modified Milo Wolff's Electron Model Theory
- Another Model for the Electron
- Theorized Neutrino Construction
- Determining the Proton's Constituents
- Quark Accelerator Observations
- How Excited DM Quantas Form Composite Quantas
- Describing the Proton
- Quark's Fractional Charge
- Photons Merging or Splitting
- Describing the Proton
- Constructing the Atom
- Simplest Atom the Positronium
- Heavier Elements
- The Hydrogen Atom
- Photon Energy Levels in the Atom
Zielsetzung und Themenschwerpunkte (Objectives and Key Themes)
This paper proposes a theory that explains how dark matter is transformed into detectable matter. It suggests that dark matter (DM) is excited by the capture of photons, creating electromagnetic fields and ultimately forming fundamental particles such as electrons and positrons. The paper integrates concepts from various other researchers, including Dr. Milo Wolff, Dr. Gunnar Nordström, and Dr. Albert Einstein, to develop a comprehensive model.
- The nature of dark matter and its role in the formation of matter
- The mechanism by which dark matter captures photons and transforms into detectable particles
- The role of electromagnetic fields in the creation of fundamental particles
- The construction of atoms from fundamental particles
- The implications of this theory for understanding the universe and the nature of mass.
Zusammenfassung der Kapitel (Chapter Summaries)
- Introduction: The paper introduces the concept of dark matter as excited gravitational field quanta and presents key elements of the proposed theory. It also acknowledges the contributions of other researchers who have explored the wave nature of matter and its implications.
- Current Model for Dark Matter: This section reviews the current model for dark matter, discussing the shortcomings of existing theories and highlighting the significance of Dr. Milo Wolff's standing wave theory and Dr. Gunnar Nordström's concept of mass as a function of scalar gravitational fields.
- How DM is Transformed into Detectable Matter: This chapter explains the process by which dark matter quanta capture photons, leading to the creation of electromagnetic fields and ultimately forming detectable particles. The chapter discusses the role of dark matter in the formation of larger quanta and the creation of outgoing and incoming electromagnetic waves.
- DM Properties Allow Photon Closed wave Capture: This chapter explores the specific properties of dark matter that enable the capture of photons. It discusses the distribution of dark matter quanta, the formation of fundamental particles like positrons and electrons, and the role of circular and radial polarized photons in particle creation.
- Determining the Fundamental Particles: This chapter delves into the construction of fundamental particles, including electrons, positrons, and neutrinos. It outlines the degrees of freedom in particle creation and explores various models for the formation of these particles.
- How Excited DM Quantas Form Composite Quantas: This chapter focuses on the formation of composite particles, particularly protons. It discusses the fractional charge of quarks, the role of photons in particle merging and splitting, and the construction of atoms from these composite particles.
- Constructing the Atom: This chapter explores the creation of atoms, starting with the simplest atom, positronium, and progressing to heavier elements. It explains the role of photons in atom formation and discusses the energy levels of photons within atoms.
Schlüsselwörter (Keywords)
This paper explores the transformation of dark matter into detectable matter through the capture of photons. It focuses on the role of electromagnetic fields, standing waves, and the gravitational field in the creation of fundamental particles and the construction of atoms. It draws upon concepts from various researchers, including Dr. Milo Wolff's standing wave theory, Dr. Gunnar Nordström's scalar gravity, and Dr. Albert Einstein's definition of a particle. Key terms include dark matter, photons, electromagnetic fields, standing waves, scalar gravitational field, fundamental particles, composite particles, atoms, and the construction of matter.
- Quote paper
- Daniel Stark (Author), 2019, How Is Dark Matter Transformed Into Detectable Matter? On the Method of Excitation, Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/499497
