In the present work, the gravitational discrepancies observed in disk galaxies are explained using a new relativistic theory beyond the standard model of physics. It assumes the existence of bosonic quasi-particles of a scalar field, which reach different relativistic velocities v < v(max) < c depending on her effective mass.
The magnitude of the limit velocity v(max) is derived from a hypothetical non-singularity condition of a quasi-particle at the velocity limit. Remarkably, it turns out that a good fit of the rotation curves is usually achieved by a relativistic velocity distribution of a galaxy-specific quasi-particle, where the maximum rotational velocity at the edge of a disk galaxy is approximately equal to the limit velocity v(max). From the relativistic velocity distribution a galaxy-specific halo with limited mass and finite size can be derived. The way dark matter can be characterized with the new approach suggests that entanglement and quantum correlation of quasi-particles plays a crucial role in the formation of a dark matter halo. To verify the model, 12 representative galaxies were selected from the SPARC data set [astroweb.cwru.edu/SPARC/] and evaluated according to the new relativistic model using the least squares regression method. A comparison of the obtained data with the empirical law of the radial acceleration relation shows high agreement. The SBM theory, which is based on a modification of special relativity theory, is applied here as a first-order approximation for bosonic quasi-particles in the asymptotic flat space of disk galaxies.
Table of Contents
1 Introduction
2 Theory
2.1 SBM-model
2.2 Speed limit of bosonic quasi-particles
2.3 The modified Maxwell-Jüttner distribution for quasi-particles
3 Results
3.1 SPARC data set and fitting rotation curves with the SBM-model
3.2 Simulation of dark matter halos with the SBM-model
3.3 SBM-model and the Radial Acceleration Relation (RAR)
3.4 Scaling relations
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
Objectives and Topics
This work aims to explain observed gravitational discrepancies in disk galaxies by introducing a new quantum gravitation theory, the SBM-model, which assumes the existence of bosonic quasi-particles with relativistic velocities below the speed of light. The study specifically investigates whether a modified Maxwell-Jüttner velocity distribution can accurately model dark matter halos and their rotation curves.
- Development of a quantum gravitation theory beyond the Standard Model
- Characterization of dark matter through bosonic quasi-particles
- Numerical simulation and fitting of rotation curves for 12 galaxies from the SPARC data set
- Validation of the model against the empirical Radial Acceleration Relation (RAR)
- Analysis of scaling relations and dark matter halo density profiles
Excerpt from the Book
2.1 SBM-model
Despite great efforts, it has not yet been possible to detect dark matter in the form of unknown elementary particles. This fact [17] points to a physical background which has been largely ignored so far. In this context, the SBM model attempts to take a different approach from the Standard Model. It is based on the idea that dark matter consists of quasi-particles whose modified relativistic properties are determined by an intrinsic gravity. This special form of relativity is determined by the (effective) mass of a quasi-particle. It is assumed to be non-singular bosonic quantum particles of a scalar field, which are not subject to decoherence or thermalization and therefore escape direct measurement. Another assumption concerns the physical character of the particles. It is known that particles with an integer spin can form a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) at temperatures around absolute zero. In a BEC, the particles occupy one and the same energy state and create a new quantum mechanical entity due to their indistinguishability [18,19]. In comparison, the SBM model predicts the formation of relativistic condensates along the quasi-stationary Hamiltonian, see Fig. 2a and 3, red solid line. Here, the trajectories of different quasi-particles pass through quasi-stable states of the Hamiltonian. Their formation would not necessarily require temperatures around absolute zero, but rather a certain constant relativistic particle velocity that depends on the effective mass of a quasi-particle. These findings will be discussed in more detail below and in Sections 2.2 and 4.
Chapter Summaries
1 Introduction: Provides an overview of current discrepancies between quantum mechanics and general relativity, positioning the SBM-model as a potential bridge through quasi-particles.
2 Theory: Defines the mathematical and physical framework of the SBM-model, including Clifford torus geometry, limiting velocities, and the modified Maxwell-Jüttner distribution.
3 Results: Details the application of the SBM-model to the SPARC dataset, demonstrating its ability to fit rotation curves, simulate dark matter halos, and reproduce the Radial Acceleration Relation.
4 Discussion: Interprets the findings as evidence for a continuous many-body Floquet system of dark matter, supporting the quantum nature of the proposed quasi-particles.
5 Conclusion: Summarizes that the SBM approach successfully models self-consistent dark matter halos by allowing spontaneous symmetry breaking in orbits with protected time-translation symmetry.
Keywords
SBM-model, Dark Matter, Disk Galaxies, Quasi-particles, Maxwell-Jüttner Distribution, Quantum Gravity, Rotation Curves, SPARC data, Radial Acceleration Relation, Bose-Einstein Condensate, Relativistic Condensates, Clifford Torus, Hamiltonian, Floquet system, Scaling Relations.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the core subject of this research paper?
The paper proposes a non-standard quantum gravitational approach (SBM-model) to explain the gravitational anomalies observed in disk galaxies using specific bosonic quasi-particles.
What are the primary thematic fields addressed?
The study intersects galaxy dynamics, relativistic quantum mechanics, dark matter modeling, and computational astrophysics.
What is the main research question or objective?
The objective is to verify if a connection between quantum mechanics and relativity can be established by modeling dark matter as quasi-particles with modified relativistic properties and validating this against experimental rotation curve data.
Which scientific methods are utilized?
The work uses numerical integration of the modified Maxwell-Jüttner distribution, least squares optimization for curve fitting, and comparative analysis with the Radial Acceleration Relation (RAR).
What does the main body cover?
The main body derives the theoretical framework, explains the geometric configuration of quasi-particles via Clifford tori, and presents simulation results for 12 selected galaxies compared to standard observation data.
Which keywords characterize the work?
Key terms include SBM-model, dark matter, quasi-particles, rotation curves, Maxwell-Jüttner distribution, and galaxy dynamics.
How does the SBM-model differ from standard dark matter theories?
Unlike standard theories, the SBM-model assumes particles have reduced relativistic limiting velocities and uses a non-local quantum approach that breaks time-translation symmetry spontaneously.
What is the significance of the "Clifford torus" in this model?
It serves as the geometric boundary configuration for quasi-particles, allowing for a 3D Euclidean image that facilitates the calculation of relativistic limit velocities.
- Quote paper
- Siegfried Gantert (Author), 2020, A Non-Standard Relativistic Approach for Simulating Disk Galaxies, Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/947925
