This paper x-rayed the performance of the Nigerian ports at terminal operations vis-à-vis logistics/transport activities from 1961-2017. The data on cargo movement were derived from the Nigerian Port Authority Annual Reports. The study relied on descriptive statistics, trend analysis, regression analysis of ordinary least square estimate and port performance indicators such as awaiting berth, at-berth, berth occupancy and throughput in explaining the trend of port performance for the periods under review.
The trend analysis employed to explain the trend of cargo movements in all the ports in Nigeria was the Quarterly Moving Averages. It was revealed that the trend of cargo throughput in Nigeria is determined by the inward cargo movement. The analysis also revealed a fluctuation in cargo movement from 1961 to 2005 while the cargo throughput continues to increase unabated from 2006 to 2017. The concession of the port must have been responsible for this upward movement in cargo trend. There was a remarkable increase in inward and outward cargo movement during the post concession era in comparison to the pre-concession era.
Conclusively the performance evaluation has revealed that there is no significant relationship between awaiting berth (as a performance indicator in Nigerian ports) and the real gross domestic products in Nigeria; there is no significant relationship between the at-berth (as a performance indicator in Nigerian ports) and the real gross domestic products in Nigeria, there is no significant relationship between the effect of berth occupancy (as a performance indicator in Nigerian ports) and the real gross domestic products in Nigeria and there is no significant relationship between the throughput (as a performance indicator in Nigerian ports) and the real gross domestic products in Nigeria from 2000 to 2017. This paper recommends that government encourages public ownership and private sector operations of the port infrastructure in Nigeria so that the ports can perform optimally.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
2.1 Historical Background of Port Development in Nigeria
2.2 Comparative Analysis of Nigerian Ports Performance during the Pre- Concession and Post Concession Periods
2.3 Nigerian Ports and Performance of Terminal Operations
2.4 Analysis of the Performance Indicator of Service and Utilization for Pre-Concession and Post Concession Periods
3. Methodology
3.1 Research Design
3.2 Sources of Data Collection
3.3 Data Analysis Techniques
3.2 Model Specification
3.3 Mathematical Specification
4. Results of the Analysis and Discussion of Findings
4.1 Data Presentation and Analysis
4.2 Test of Hypotheses
5. Conclusion
6. Policy Recommendations
Research Objectives and Themes
This research aims to evaluate the operational performance of Nigerian ports in the context of logistics and transport activities between 1961 and 2017, specifically analyzing the impact of port concessions on cargo throughput and economic development.
- Historical evolution of port infrastructure in Nigeria.
- Comparative performance analysis between pre-concession and post-concession eras.
- Correlation between port performance indicators (awaiting berth, at-berth, berth occupancy, throughput) and Real Gross Domestic Product (RGDP).
- Evaluation of the landlord port model and terminal operator efficiency.
- Policy recommendations for optimizing maritime infrastructure and inter-modal transport.
Excerpt from the Book
2.3 Nigerian Ports and Performance of Terminal Operations
Before the advent of port concession (1956-2005), the Nigerian port system suffered from numerous ills which included the following: The turnaround time for ships was too long and usually calculated in weeks, sometimes months, depending on the cargo being loaded or discharged; Cargo-handling plants and equipment owned by the NPA were few and mostly unserviceable leading to shipping companies hiring these machines from private sector sources after having paid NPA; Dwell time for goods in ports was prolonged due to poor port management and as a such overtime cargo filled the most active seaports leading to port congestion; Labour for ship work was held in the vice-grip of wharf overlords who controlled dockworker unions and supplied less than the manpower paid for. This fraud, which became accepted by the maritime community lasted for years and was usually perpetrated to extract maximum revenue from helpless ship owners and their agents without minding how this impacted on the Nigerian economy and the already dented image of the Nigerian seaports.
As a result of the compounded problems, the Nigerian seaports were rated as one of the costliest seaports in the world. Consequently, it adversely affected the patronage of our seaports (Njoku, 2009). The Nigerian ports witnessed a rapid transformation as a result of this reform in which Nigerian ports were concession to the port operators called concessionaires.
Summary of Chapters
1. Introduction: Outlines the historical context of Nigerian ports and the transition from a service port model to a landlord port model in 2006 to address operational inefficiencies.
2. Literature Review: Provides a detailed historical account of port development in Nigeria, compares pre- and post-concession performance, and reviews challenges faced by terminal operations.
3. Methodology: Details the quasi-experimental research design, data sources, and the ordinary least square (OLS) regression model used to test relationships between port indicators and the national economy.
4. Results of the Analysis and Discussion of Findings: Presents the statistical findings and regression results, concluding that there is no significant relationship between specific port performance indicators and the Real GDP during the study period.
5. Conclusion: Summarizes that while cargo throughput has increased significantly post-concession, port capacity is currently under-utilized and lacks a direct statistical correlation with national economic growth.
6. Policy Recommendations: Suggests strategies to sustain growth, including infrastructure maintenance, competitive tariff structures, and the integration of advanced cargo handling technologies.
Keywords
Performance evaluation, Performance Indicators, Logistics, Transport, Nigerian Ports, Port Concession, Cargo Throughput, Port Reform, Maritime Infrastructure, Landlord Port Model, Regression Analysis, Economic Growth, Terminal Operations, Berth Occupancy, Turnaround Time.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the primary focus of this research?
The research evaluates the operational performance of Nigerian ports in terms of logistics and transport from 1961 to 2017, focusing on the impact of port reform and concessioning.
What are the core themes of the study?
The core themes include historical port development, the shift from service-based to landlord-based port models, and the analysis of key performance indicators like berth occupancy and cargo throughput.
What is the central research question?
The study seeks to determine if there is a significant relationship between port logistics performance indicators and Nigeria's real economic development (Real Gross Domestic Product).
Which methodology is employed in this study?
The study adopts a quasi-experimental design using secondary data, employing descriptive statistics, quarterly moving averages for trend analysis, and ordinary least square (OLS) regression.
What is covered in the main section of the document?
The main sections include a literature review of historical port development, a comparative analysis of pre- and post-concession periods, and a regression analysis of port variables against economic indicators.
Which keywords best characterize this work?
The work is characterized by terms such as Performance evaluation, Cargo throughput, Port concession, Maritime infrastructure, and Nigerian ports.
How did port concessions affect cargo throughput?
The study reveals that cargo throughput experienced a sharp, progressive rise following the 2006 port concessions, marking a transition from a sinusoidal pattern in the pre-concession era to stable, continuous growth.
Did the study find a significant relationship between port performance and GDP?
No, the statistical analysis concluded that there is no significant relationship between the chosen performance indicators (awaiting berth, at-berth, berth occupancy, and throughput) and the real gross domestic product in Nigeria from 2000 to 2017.
- Citar trabajo
- Dr. Newman Enyioko (Autor), 2020, Performance Evaluation Of Nigerian Ports' Terminal Operations. Logistics And Transport (1961-2017), Múnich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/978320
