This paper analyzes the degree of Mexico’s global integration focusing on trade, ignoring other characteristic aspects of globalization, for example, migration and free capital mobility. Specifically, three aspects of international trade will be taken as indicators of globalization grade: Trade strategy, tariff level, and openness ratio. Finally, the main research questions that this paper poses are the following: Can Mexico be seen as a more globalized country today when we compare its trade policies in the period between 1877 and 1911 and the 21st century? Or did Mexico fall under the recent “wave of protectionism”?
In economic history, the period right before World War I, which is frequently known as the first wave of globalization, is the time when most of the developed economies went through a trade liberalization process. On the one hand, this fact makes it interesting to look at Mexico during the Porfiriato (1877-1911), since the country was also experiencing a pro- found reformation of its economy after 300 years of colonialization history and decades of turbu- lences after independence. During recent years, principally after the global financial crisis in 2007- 2008 on the other hand, the voices of trade protectionism became lauder, especially considering the use of tariffs as a political sanction of the current President of the United States, Donald Trump (Kommerskollegium, 2016, p. 2; Bundesverband der Deutschen Industrie, 2020). Therefore, this paper aims to briefly investigate if the new “wave of protectionism” also reached Mexico.
Inhaltsverzeichnis (Table of Contents)
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Brief historical background of the Mexican modern economy until 1877
- 3. Trade policies in Mexico 1877 – 1911
- 4. Trade policies in Mexico in the 21st century
- 5. Comparison between the two periods
Zielsetzung und Themenschwerpunkte (Objectives and Key Themes)
This paper aims to evaluate the globalization process of the Mexican economy by comparing its trade policies between 1877-1910 and the 21st century. It investigates whether Mexico can be considered more globalized today and whether it has been affected by recent protectionist trends.
- Evolution of Mexican trade policies across two distinct historical periods.
- Impact of globalization on the Mexican economy.
- Analysis of trade strategies, tariff levels, and openness ratios as indicators of globalization.
- Comparison of Mexico's integration into the global economy during the periods under study.
- Assessment of the influence of recent protectionist movements on Mexico's trade policies.
Zusammenfassung der Kapitel (Chapter Summaries)
1. Introduction: This introductory chapter sets the stage for the paper by highlighting Mexico's dynamic economy and its historical openness to trade. It establishes Mexico's current position as a major exporter and its significant role in the global economy. The chapter introduces the key research questions: comparing Mexico's globalization in the periods 1877-1911 and the 21st century, and assessing the impact of recent protectionist movements. The paper focuses specifically on trade as an indicator of globalization.
2. Brief historical background of the Mexican modern economy until 1877: This chapter provides a historical overview of the Mexican economy leading up to 1877, emphasizing the lasting impacts of the colonial period under Spanish rule. It details how Spain's non-industrialized nature and restrictive trade policies hindered Mexico's economic development. The chapter highlights the limited manufacturing capabilities, reliance on subsistence agriculture, and the obstacles to internal trade posed by geographical factors. It then discusses the post-independence period, the influence of Britain, and the subsequent adoption of free trade policies and their negative consequences for domestic industries. The chapter concludes by outlining the "La República Restaurada" period and the French intervention before the Porfiriato era.
Frequently Asked Questions: A Comprehensive Language Preview of Mexican Trade Policies
What is the overall focus of this academic paper?
The paper analyzes the globalization of the Mexican economy by comparing its trade policies between two distinct periods: 1877-1911 and the 21st century. It aims to determine whether Mexico is more globalized today and how it has been affected by recent protectionist trends. The analysis uses trade policies as a primary indicator of globalization.
What are the key themes explored in the paper?
The key themes include the evolution of Mexican trade policies across the two historical periods, the impact of globalization on the Mexican economy, an analysis of trade strategies, tariff levels, and openness ratios, a comparison of Mexico's global economic integration during both periods, and an assessment of the influence of recent protectionist movements on Mexico's trade policies.
What topics are covered in each chapter?
Chapter 1 (Introduction): Introduces the research questions, highlighting Mexico's economic dynamism and historical openness to trade. It establishes Mexico's current global economic role and emphasizes the use of trade as an indicator of globalization.
Chapter 2 (Brief historical background of the Mexican modern economy until 1877): Provides a historical overview of the Mexican economy before 1877, focusing on the lasting impacts of Spanish colonial rule, limited manufacturing, reliance on agriculture, and the obstacles to internal trade. It discusses post-independence developments, British influence, the adoption of free trade policies, and the "La República Restaurada" period.
Chapter 3 (Trade policies in Mexico 1877 – 1911): This chapter will detail the trade policies implemented during the specified period. (Content not provided in the preview.)
Chapter 4 (Trade policies in Mexico in the 21st century): This chapter will analyze the trade policies of the 21st century. (Content not provided in the preview.)
Chapter 5 (Comparison between the two periods): This chapter will compare and contrast the trade policies and their impacts across the two historical periods. (Content not provided in the preview.)
What specific indicators are used to measure globalization?
The paper utilizes trade strategies, tariff levels, and openness ratios as key indicators to measure and compare the degree of globalization in Mexico during the two periods under study.
What is the significance of comparing these two distinct historical periods?
The comparison of Mexico's trade policies between 1877-1911 and the 21st century allows for a comprehensive analysis of the long-term evolution of its economic integration into the global economy. It highlights the changes and continuities in Mexico's approach to trade and its response to global economic forces.
What is the impact of recent protectionist trends on Mexico's trade policies?
The paper assesses how recent protectionist movements globally have influenced Mexico's trade policies and its overall level of economic globalization.
- Quote paper
- María Belén Ortíz Torres (Author), 2020, Globalization and trade policies in Mexico. Comparison of two periods 1877-1911 and the 21st century, Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/992298
