In the developing world plenty of programmes and initiatives have been working to disseminate improved wood burning cookstoves which have health, economic and environmental benefits. To this end, understanding factors affecting adoption of improved cookstoves plays a key role. The purpose of this study was to identify factors that affect households ‘Mirt’ stove adoption decision in rural kebeles of Dembecha Woreda, Amhara Regional State of Ethiopia, by using mixed research methods.
A survey was conducted with a structured questionnaire for 210 households that were systematically selected from three rural kebeles which were selected purposively. Semi-structure interviews and focus group discussions were also held with a total of 9 key informants. Data from questionnaires were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression and data from interviews and the focus group discussions were analyzed through intensive textual analysis.
The regression result reveals that women literacy level and separate kitchen house were found to be significant and positively correlated with the probability of Mirt stove adoption decision while marital status, source of wood and price of Mirt stove were found to be significant and negatively correlated with the probability of Mirt stove adoption decision.
Furthermore, age and family size of the household characteristics were not found to be statistically significant. Providing services and supports to the potential users and producers, denying access to open forest and decentralizing Mirt stove production sites were found to be institutional factors to influence Mirt stove adoption. Membership in social associations, active participation in social activities, informal information exchange, early adopters and neighbors’ influence were found to be social factors that influence Mirt stove adoption.
Thus, women’s literacy level should be increased through adult education. Improved cookstoves programs and projects should target on areas where there is no open forest access. And there should be more structural decentralization in terms of assigning rural energy experts from Woreda to kebele level.
Key words: Adoption, Cookstoves, Logit Model, Improved, Open-fire, Solid-fuel
Table of Contents
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of Study
1.2 Statement of the Problem
1.3 Research Questions
1.4 Research Objectives
1.4.1 General Objective:
1.4.2 Specific Objectives:
1.5 Scope and Limitation of the Study
1.5.1 Scope of the Study
1.5.2 Limitation of the Study
1.6 Significance of Study
1.7 Organization of the Study
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Improved Cookstoves Programmes
2.2 Improved Cookstoves Development and Projects in Ethiopia
2.2.1 General Description of ‘Mirt’ Stove
2.3 Benefits of Adopting Improved Cookstoves
2.4 Best Experiences: China and Kenya
2.5 Empirical Literature on Factors Affecting Cookstoves Adoption
2.6 Determinant Factors of Improved Cookstoves Adoption
2.7 Theoretical and Conceptual Frameworks
3. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
3.1 Selection and Description of the Study Area
3.2 Research Design and Strategy
3.2.1 Research Design
3.2.2 Research Approach
3.3 Data Type and Source
3.4 Sampling Design and Procedures
3.5 Data Collection and Instruments
3.5.1 Data Collection Instruments
3.6 Data Collection Procedures
3.7 Data processing and Analyzing
3.7.1 Data Processing
3.7.2 Analyzing Procedures
3.8 Operational Definitions and Descriptions of Variables
3.9 Model Specification
3.9.1 Diagnostic Tests
4. DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION
4.1 Descriptive Statistics and Discussion
4.1.1 Food Preparation and Wood Supply Responsibilities in Rural Households
4.1.2 Type of Fuel and Energy Consumption Pattern in Rural Households
4.1.3 Status of Mirt Stove Adoption
4.1.4 Mirt Stove Adoption and Household Characteristics
4.1.5 Mirt Stove Adoption and Source of Fuel-wood
4.1.6 Mirt Stove Adoption and Price
4.1.7 Mirt Stove Adoption and Institutional Factors
4.1.8 Mirt Stove Adoption and Social Factors
4.1.9 Barriers of Mirt Stove Adoption
4.2 Econometric Analysis and Discussion
4.2.1 Binary Logit Model and Determinants of Mirt Stove Adoption
4.2.2 Regression Result Interpretation
5. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1 Conclusion
5.2 Recommendation
Research Objectives and Focus Areas
The primary objective of this study is to identify and analyze the specific factors that influence the decision of rural households in the Dembecha Woreda to adopt the 'Mirt' injera baking stove. By utilizing a mixed-methods research approach, the study seeks to understand the interplay between household characteristics, institutional frameworks, and social influences that drive or hinder the adoption of this fuel-efficient technology.
- The impact of household demographics, such as literacy level and marital status, on stove adoption decisions.
- The role of institutional factors, including awareness creation, infrastructure, and stove production decentralization.
- The influence of social networks, communal associations, and peer behavior on technology acceptance.
- The economic effects of fuel-wood sourcing patterns and stove pricing on adoption likelihood.
Excerpt from the Book
2.2.1 General Description of ‘Mirt’ Stove
Mirt Injera baking stove was first developed in the first half of the 1990s by the Ethiopian Energy Studies and Research Center (EESRC), under a project called World Bank funded Cooking Efficiency Improvement and New Fuels Marketing Project (CEINFMP) (Assefa, 2007; Dawit, 2008). Mirt stove is used for baking Injera and it is produced with mortar- a mixture of scoria (red ash) or pumice or river sand with cement (Simon, 2012). GIZ-HERA (2012, p.2) describes Mirt as follow:
Mirt stove has six parts that are joined together. Four parts fit to make a cylindrically shaped enclosure (about 66cm in diameter and 24cm high) where the firewood is burned under a baking plate. Two other parts joined one atop the other and are fitted with the cylindrical enclosure from behind. These last two parts regulate the flow of smoke in the stove and provide a rest for the cooking pot. The cylindrical enclosure has two openings. The first opening, which has a semi-elliptic shape, is at the lower front of the enclosure and is about 24cm wide and 11cm high. It is used as fuel and air inlet. The second is at the rear up, where the enclosure is fitted with the smoke regulating parts, as smoke outlet. This opening is of rectangular cross section and has a dimension of 19cm width and 7cm height.
Summary of Chapters
1. INTRODUCTION: Provides the background of the study regarding traditional fuel dependence, defines the research problem, and outlines the objectives and scope of the investigation.
2. LITERATURE REVIEW: Examines existing studies on improved cookstoves, theoretical frameworks such as energy ladder and diffusion of innovation, and previous empirical findings on adoption determinants.
3. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Details the mixed-methods research approach, study area selection, sampling techniques, and the binary logistic regression model used for analysis.
4. DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION: Presents descriptive statistics and econometric results, analyzing variables such as household characteristics, institutional support, and social factors affecting stove adoption.
5. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION: Synthesizes the research findings, concludes on the key drivers of adoption, and provides policy recommendations to enhance the dissemination of Mirt stoves.
Keywords
Adoption, Cookstoves, Logit Model, Improved, Open-fire, Solid-fuel, Rural Households, Ethiopia, Mirt Stove, Energy Stacking, Diffusion of Innovation, Institutional Factors, Social Factors, Fuel-wood, Dembecha Woreda
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the core focus of this research?
The research focuses on identifying the socio-economic, institutional, and social factors that determine whether rural households in the Dembecha Woreda adopt the 'Mirt' injera baking stove.
What are the primary themes analyzed in the study?
The primary themes include household characteristics (literacy, family size, marital status), institutional support (training, decentralization of production), social influences (community groups, neighbor adoption), and economic factors like fuel-wood sources and stove price.
What is the central research question?
The study aims to investigate what factors specifically influence the adoption decision of Mirt stoves in the rural kebeles of Dembecha Woreda, Ethiopia.
What research methodology was employed?
The study adopted a mixed-methods research design, combining structured questionnaire surveys for 210 households with semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions involving key informants.
What is addressed in the main body of the work?
The main body covers the literature review of energy technologies, the methodology of the field study, a detailed descriptive and econometric analysis of the survey data, and a discussion of the institutional and social barriers to adoption.
Which keywords best describe this study?
Key terms include Adoption, Cookstoves, Logit Model, Improved, Open-fire, Solid-fuel, Rural Households, Ethiopia, Mirt Stove, Energy Stacking, and Diffusion of Innovation.
Why are single women found to be more likely to adopt the Mirt stove?
The study suggests that single women often have more autonomy and decision-making power regarding household economic expenses compared to married women, who may be restricted by patriarchal decision-making structures in rural society.
How does the decentralization of production sites impact adoption?
Decentralizing production sites makes the stoves more accessible, reduces transportation costs, and decreases the risk of damage during transport, all of which are identified as significant institutional enablers for adoption.
What role do social associations play in technology adoption?
Membership and active participation in social associations increase information exchange and social networking, providing rural women with the exposure and encouragement needed to adopt new technologies like the Mirt stove.
How do fuel-wood sourcing methods affect adoption?
Households that purchase fuel-wood are more likely to adopt the Mirt stove because the potential for fuel savings offers a clear economic incentive, whereas households with free access to forest resources have less immediate pressure to adopt fuel-efficient alternatives.
- Citar trabajo
- Tigabu Alamir (Autor), 2014, Regional and Local Development in Ethiopia. Factors Affecting Adoption of Improved Cookstoves, Múnich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/376357
