A number of research papers and study reports that have been written on the subject of illegal migration from Ethiopia have definitely given indispensable information and facts that clarify the magnitude of illegal migration, its causes, the various routes and trafficking channels, the type and extent of dangerous effects, economic and human loses and possible actions for its mitigation. However, none of these studies were able to specifically assess the current status as well as potential contributions of media outlets that broadcast with domestic languages to address this huge social problem of our country.
This research paper is written with the aim of partially bridging this gap through analyzing the existing practices and contributions of three selected media outlets namely; Fana FM 98.1, Deutsche Welle and Voice of America Amharic Radio Services to reduce illegal migration taking place from Ethiopia in particular via Yemen to Saudi Arabia.
Combinations of data collection and analysis methods and tools have been employed for this study. Qualitative content analysis of programs broadcasted; an in-depth interview with experts from media, international organizations and government institutions, as well as focus group discussions with migrant female returnees from Saudi, were main means of primary data and information gathering techniques utilized for this study. In addition, the descriptive analyses of the findings presented in chapter four with the support of tabular and graphic presentations, the three media outlets have broadcasted 127 programs or news in total during the period January 2015 to December 2017 to aware citizens about illegal migration. Despite the existence of relative difference among the three media outlets and occurrence of a number of serious challenges, as initially put in my hypothesis, it was able to understand that all the three media outlets in one way or another have contributed to minimizing the illegal migration from Ethiopia to Saudi Arabia through Yemeni.
Table of Contents
CHAPTER ONE
1. Introduction
1.1. Background of the study
1.2 Statement of the problem
1.3. Objectives of the study
1.3.1 General objective
1.3.2 Specific objectives
1.4. Research hypothesis
1.5. Research questions
1.6. Scope of the study
1.7. Significance of the study
1.8. Limitations of the study
1.9. Organization of the research
CHAPTER TWO
Review of literature and theoretical analysis
2.1 Review of literature
2.1.1 Illegal Migration in the Global Context
2.1.2 Trends of Illegal Migration in the Horn of Africa
2.1.3 The Contributions of Regional Cooperation in East Africa to Minimize Illegal Migration
2.1.4 The Pros and Cons of Media in relation to Illegal Migration
2.1.5 The Reporting Practices of Illegal Migration by International Media
2.1.6 Illegal Migration in Ethiopia
2.1.7 Coverage of Illegal Migration by Ethiopian Media
2.1.8 Brief descriptions of Fana FM, Deutsche Welle and Voice of America Amharic Radio Programs
2.1.9 Media Role in Creation of Awareness with regard to Illegal Migration
2.1.10 Challenges of Media Stations in Minimizing Illegal Migration
2.2. Theoretical Framework
2.2.1 Social Learning Theory
2.2.2 Social Responsibility Theory
2.2.3 Cultivation Theory
CHAPTER THREE
3. Research Methodology
3.1. Research Design
3.2. Sampling Techniques
3.3. Sample Size
3.4. Data Collection Tools
3.4.1. Primary Data Collection Tools
3.4.2. Data Gathering Techniques
3.4.3. Ethical Consideration in Primary Data Collection
3.4.4. Secondary Data Collection Sources
3.5. Questionnaire Design
3.6. Data Analysis Arrangement
CHAPTER FOUR
4. Data Presentation and Analysis
4.1. Coverage of Illegal Migration by he Three Media Outlets
4.1.1. Fana FM
4.1.2. Deutsche Welle
4.1.3 Voice of America
4.1.4. Informants Response about the Coverage of The Selected Media Outlets
4.2. The Contributions of the Selected Media Outlets in Minimizing Illegal Migration
4.2.1. The Responses of Journalists to their Media Outlets Contributions
4.2.2. The Responses of Informants and Focus Group discussion Participants towards the Contributions of the Selected Media Outlets
4.3. Challenges of the Selected Media Outlets in relation to Addressing Illegal Migration
CHAPTER FIVE
5. Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations
5.1. Summary
5.2. Conclusion
5.3. Recommendations
Research Objectives and Themes
The primary objective of this research is to evaluate the role of selected media outlets—Fana FM 98.1, Deutsche Welle, and Voice of America Amharic Radio—in minimizing illegal migration from Ethiopia. It seeks to analyze how these media organizations cover migration issues, their effectiveness in raising public awareness, and the internal and external challenges they face in addressing this critical social issue.
- The coverage patterns and frequency of illegal migration news by the selected media.
- The role of media in educating the public and potential migrants about the risks of illegal migration.
- The influence of media compared to traditional social institutions like family and religious groups.
- The identification of systemic and operational challenges hindering effective media reporting on migration.
Excerpt from the Book
2.1.1 Illegal Migration in the Global Context
From the mid 1970 onwards globalization turns out to be major factor for international population movement. Globalization has reduced the imaginary distance between countries and foster economic and social interactions. The establishment of all forms of transnational networks and mass movement has played crucial role in the socio-economic as well as cultural transformation of countries (Firth and Armendariz, 2007:10). The global migration trend has changed over in recent decades in relation to the origin and destination, the volume and types of migrants. These changes observed through countries in which previously origins of migration became destinations of migrants and vice versa (Skeldon, 2013:4).
According to the report of OECD (2012:30) the European Union received 1.2 million “permanent” migrants in 2010, more than the number of permanent migrants to the United States (over one million), which represents a very significant shift in the global migration system over the last one hundred years. The number of international migrants has increased worldwide over the past fifteen years. Numerically, in 2000 it was 173 million migrants then it grow rapidly and reaching to 244 million in 2015 (Menozzi, 2015:1-2). Today because of the interconnectedness of the world, international migration touches all corners of the globe which is evidently observed from the day to day movement of people across nation’s boundaries. Actually, modern transportation system has facilitated the movement of people to be easier and faster than before. At the same time, more people were forced to migrate irregularly (illegally) from their area of origin due to prolonged conflict, poverty, inequality and lack of decent job. The fact that when supported by appropriate policy, the high skilled or educated migration can contributes for the sustainable economic growth and development in both origin and destinations countries of migrants (Docquier, 2013:5).
Summary of Chapters
CHAPTER ONE: This chapter provides the introductory overview, establishing the study's background, research problem, objectives, and significance in the context of illegal migration from Ethiopia.
CHAPTER TWO: This chapter presents the literature review and theoretical framework, exploring global and regional migration trends, media's role, and theories like Social Learning and Social Responsibility.
CHAPTER THREE: This chapter details the qualitative research methodology, including the design, sampling techniques, and data collection tools such as in-depth interviews and content analysis.
CHAPTER FOUR: This chapter presents the data analysis, evaluating the coverage and contributions of the three selected media outlets through news reports and participant interviews.
CHAPTER FIVE: This chapter concludes the research with a summary of findings, final conclusions, and recommendations for media organizations and policymakers.
Keywords
Illegal migration, Ethiopia, Fana FM, Deutsche Welle, Voice of America, media coverage, human trafficking, public awareness, social learning theory, social responsibility theory, journalism, migration routes, migrant safety, foreign employment, Yemen and Saudi Arabia.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the core focus of this research study?
The study examines the role and effectiveness of three specific media outlets (Fana FM 98.1, Deutsche Welle, and Voice of America) in minimizing illegal migration from Ethiopia to Yemen and Saudi Arabia through informative programming and news coverage.
What are the primary themes discussed in the work?
The research addresses migration trends in the Horn of Africa, the role of media in shaping public opinion, the influence of media versus social institutions, and the various operational challenges media stations encounter when reporting on sensitive migration issues.
What is the primary objective of this thesis?
The primary goal is to analyze how selected radio programs contribute to creating public awareness and whether their coverage successfully discourages individuals from choosing dangerous illegal migration routes.
Which research methodology was utilized for this investigation?
The study employs a qualitative research methodology, including content analysis of radio broadcasts from 2015 to 2017, in-depth interviews with journalists, and focus group discussions with migrant returnees.
What key aspects are covered in the main body of the research?
The main body (Chapter 4) provides a detailed data presentation and analysis of how each media station reported on migration, their frequency of coverage, and the responses of their audiences and staff regarding the impact and quality of these reports.
Which keywords define this research?
The work is defined by terms such as illegal migration, Ethiopia, Fana FM, Deutsche Welle, Voice of America, human trafficking, public awareness, social responsibility, and media influence.
How did the media outlets obtain their information for reports?
The media outlets relied on a combination of news reports, interviews with experts, first-hand accounts from returnees, and collaboration with international organizations and local government agencies.
What were the main challenges identified by the media stations?
Common challenges included limited budgets, lack of access to reliable information or data, government restrictions, and the inherent difficulty of reporting from remote locations or active conflict zones.
- Citar trabajo
- Firesenay Gebeyehu Behailu (Autor), 2018, The contributions of media in minimizing illegal migration in Ethiopia, Múnich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/431796
